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PROMOTING POLYARCHY: GLOBALIZATION, U.S. INTERVENTION, AND HEGEMONY

Promoting polyarchy examines the apparent change in US foreign
policy from supporting dictatorships to an "open" promotion of
"democratic" regimes. William I. Robinson argues that behind the
facade of "democracy promotion," the policy has been designed more
to retain the elite-based and undemocratic status quo of Third World
countries than to encourage mass aspirations for democratization.
Contrary to received opinion, he shows how poverty amidst plenty
and global social apartheid characterize the new world order. While
US policy is more ideologically appealing under the title of "democracy
promotion," it does nothing to reverse the growth of inequality
and the undemocratic nature of global decision-making. This challenging
argument is supported by a wealth of information garnered from
field-work and hitherto unpublished government documents, and
assembled in case studies of the Philippines, Chile, Nicaragua, Haiti,
South Africa, and the former Soviet bloc. With its combination of
theoretical and historical analysis, empirical argument, and bold
claims, Promoting polyarchy is an essential book for anyone concerned
with democracy, globalization, and international affairs.

CAMBRIDGE STUDIES IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: 48

Promoting polyarchy

Editorial Board

Steve Smith (Managing editor)
Christopher Brown Robert W. Cox Anne Deighton
Rosemary Foot Joseph Grieco Fred Halliday Margot Light
Andrew Linklater Richard Little R. B.J. Walker

International Political Economy

Roger Tooze Craig N. Murphy

Cambridge Studies in International Relations is a joint initiative of Cambridge
University Press and the British International Studies Association
(BISA). The series will include a wide range of material, from
undergraduate textbooks and surveys to research-based monographs
and collaborative volumes. The aim of the series is to publish the best
new scholarship in International Studies from Europe, North
America, and the rest of the world.

CAMBRIDGE STUDIES IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

48 William I. Robinson
Promoting poIyarchy
Globalization, US intervention, and hegemony

47 Roger Spegele
Political realism in international theory

46 Thomas f. Biersteker and Cynthia Weber (eds.)
State sovereignty as social construct

45 Mervyn Frost
Ethics in international relations
A constitutive theory

44 Mark W. Zacher with Brent A. Sutton
Governing global networks
International regimes for transportation and communications

43 Mark Neufeld
The restructuring of international relations theory

42 Thomas Risse-Kappen (ed.)
Bringing transnational relations back in
Non-state actors, domestic structures and international institutions

41 Hayward R. Alker
Rediscoveries and reformulations
Humanistic methodologies for international studies

40 Robert W. Cox with Timothy J. Sinclair
Approaches to world order

39 fens Bartelson
A genealogy of sovereignty

38 Mark Rupert
Producing hegemony
The politics of mass production and American global power

37 Cynthia Weber
Simulating sovereignty
Intervention, the state and symbolic exchange

36 Gary Goertz
Contexts of international politics

35 James L. Richardson
Crisis diplomacy
The Great Powers since the mid-nineteenth century

34 Bradley S. Klein
Strategic studies and world order
The global politics of deterrence

33 T. V. Paul
Asymmetric conflicts: was initiation by weaker powers

32 Christine Sylvester
Feminist theory and international relations in a postmodern era

31 Peter J. Schraeder
US foreign policy toward Africa
Incrementalism. crisis and change

30 Graham Spinardi
From Polaris to Trident: the development of US Fleet Ballistic
Missile technology

29 David A. Welch
Justice and the genesis of war

28 Russell J. Leng
Interstate crisis behavior, 1816-1980: realism versus reciprocity

27 John A. Vasquez
The war puzzle

26 Stephen Gill (ed.)
Gramsci, historical materialism and international relations

25 Mike Bowker and Robin Brown (eds.)
From Cold War to collapse: theory and world politics in the 1980s

24 R. B. J. Walker
Inside/outside: international relations as political theory

23 Edward Reiss
The Strategic Defense Initiative

22 Keith Krause
Arms and the state: patterns of military production and trade

21 Roger Buckley
US-Japan alliance diplomacy 1945-1990

20 James N. Rosenau and Ernst-Otto Czempiel (eds)
Governance without government: order and change in world
politics

19 Michael Nicholson
Rationality and the analysis of international conflict

18 John Stopford and Susan Strange
Rival states, rival firms
Competition for world market shares

17 Terry Nardin and David R. Mapel (edsJ
Traditions of international ethics

16 Charles F. Doran
Systems in crisis
New imperatives of high politics at century's end

15 Deon Geldenhuys
Isolated states: a comparative analysis

14 Kalevi J. Holsti
Peace and war: anned conflicts and international order 1648-1989

13 Saki Dockrill
Britain's policy for West German rearmament 1950-1955

12 Robert H. Jackson
Quasi-states: sovereignty, international relations and the Third
World

11 James Barber and John Barratt
South Africa's foreign policy
The search for status and security 1945-1988

10 James Mayall
National and international society

9 William Bloom
Personal identity, national identity and international relations

8 ZeevMaoz
National choices and international processes

7 Ian Clark
The hierarchy of states
Reform and resistance in the international order

6 Hidemi Suganami
The domestic analogy and world order proposals

5 Stephen Gill
American hegemony and the Trilateral Commission

4 Michael C. Pugh
The ANZUS crisis, nuclear visiting and deterrence

3 Michael Nicholson
Formal theories in international relations

2 Friedrich V. Kratochwil
Rules, norms, and decisions
On the conditions of practical and legal reasoning in international
relations and domestic affairs

1 Myles L. C. Robertson
Soviet policy towards Japan
An analysis of trends in the 1970sand 1980s

Back Cover

Promoting Polyarchy examines the apparent change in U.S. foreign policy from supporting dictatorships to an "open" promotion of "democratic" regimes. William I. Robinson argues that the policy has been designed more to retain the elite-based and undemocratic status quo of Third World countries than to encourage mass aspirations for democratization. While U.S. policy is more ideologically appealing under the title of "democracy promotion," it does nothing to reverse the growth of inequality and the undemocratic nature of global decision-making. This challenging argument is supported by a wealth of information garnered from field-work and hitherto unpublished government documents, and assembled in case studies of the Philippines, Chile, Nicaragua, Haiti, South Africa, and the former Soviet bloc.

"This book represents an original, compelling and critical rethinking of the nature and form of United States foreign policy in the Third World in the 1980s and 1990s. I recommend this book to any serious scholar of contemporary international relations and to all those interested in the possible future for our civilizations in an era of globalization.

Robinson has developed his own theoretical framework and synthesis drawn from comparative political sociology, political economy and political theory, one that takes its global inspiration from both world-systems and neo-Gramscian approaches to international relations. Robinson's theoretical strengths are combined with excellent, empirical research ... In his meticulous and detailed exposition of the nature, limits and contradictions of these cases, Robinson makes a fundamental contribution to our possibilities of understanding the contours of crucial aspects of North-South relations in this and the next century."

-- Stephen Gill, York University, Toronto

"This book provides a sobering look at what it means to say the U.S. is promoting democracy throughout the world. It is a good antidote to much academic pap."

-- Immanuel Wallerstein, State University of New York, Binghamton

"While economic and cultural globalization have attracted a good deal of popular and scholarly attention, globalization in the political sphere is a relatively under-researched area. In Promoting Polyarchy William Robinson, building on a formidable array of local knowledge and theoretical reflection, makes the bold argument that democracy promotion in U.S. foreign policy is best explained in terms of the pluralist idea of polyarchy and that this restricted conception of democracy serves the interests of an increasingly transnational elite. Polyarchy, thus, 'is a structural feature of the emergent global society.' The logic of the analysis and the power of his case studies represent a challenge that complacent pluralists and those sceptical of globalization should not ignore."

-- Leslie Sklair, London School of Economics

WILLIAM I. ROBINSON is an Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Tennessee, and Research Associate at the Center for International Studies, Central American University, Managua. He has published many articles in scholarly journals, newspapers, and magazines, and his previous books are David and Goliath: The U.S. War Against Nicaragua (1987) and A Faustian Bargain: The U.S. Intervention in the Nicaraguan Elections and American Foreign Policy in the Post-Cold War Era (1992).

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