| Index Abu Ghraib, 383, 386, 387, 389-391, 393, 399-401, 403, 408-410, 413-416,
 420-428, 430, 433-436, 438-445, 635,
 637, 638, 648, 650, 652, 654, 658-661,
 669, 705-707, 709-711, 714, 715, 725,
 726, 729, 738, 822, 909-916, 918, 921,
 925, 926, 928-930, 932, 933, 937,
 940-942, 944-946, 951, 961, 973,
 987-997, 999-1002, 1004-1019,
 1021-1027, 1030-1034, 1037, 1039-1044,
 1046-1059, 1061-1073, 1075, 1076, 1079,
 1082, 1083, 1086, 1088, 1089, 1092, 1095,
 1105-1117, 1120-1122, 1125, 1128,
 1134-1137, 1142, 1143, 1146, 1150,
 1155-1157, 1160, 1161, 1240
 Afghanistan, vi, xxv, xxvi, 36, 38-40, 
		50-61, 64, 65, 67, 68, 70, 76-78, 81-83, 90, 91,
 93-104, 107, 110, Ill, 115, 117, 118,
 120-122, 124, 126, 127, 129, 131, 134,
 137-139, 144, 145, 161, 170, 200-202,
 222, 245, 288, 411, 558, 562, 580, 582,
 584-587, 589, 590, 608, 611, 619, 620,
 622, 628, 633, 634, 636, 640, 649, 650,
 652, 671, 676, 693, 694, 705, 709, 710,
 725, 738, 909-911, 913-918, 920-923,
 925, 930, 933-936, 938, 940-943, 947,
 949, 951, 955, 958, 959, 963, 965, 975,
 1003, 1004, 1006, 1007, 1011, 1023, 1025,
 1034, 1035, 1037, 1046, 1066, 1072, 1088,
 11 14, 11 16, 1117, 1134-1136, 1140-1142,
 1151, 1155, 1159-1161
 AI Qaeda, vi-vii, xxv, xxvi, 29, 36, 38, 
		39, 48-50, 53, 57, 59, 60, 65, 70, 76, 77, 79,
 81-83, 89-91, 96, 99-101, 105, 111,
 11 7-120, 122, 124-126, 129, 131,
 133-135, 137, 138, 162, 173, 185, 200,
 201, 203, 206, 208, 211, 213, 214, 218,
 219, 221, 308, 313, 333, 410, 562, 563,
 580, 581, 584, 585, 587, 910, 915, 923,
 925, 939, 947, 948, 963, 964, 1141, 1148,
 1158, 1159, 1161
 Alien Tort Claims Act, 267, 277, 315, 324, 572 Aliens, Rights of, 29, 31, 148, 150, 151, 
		268, 276, 316, 324, 344
 American Convention on Human Rights, 230, 338, 356, 593-596, 1145, 1146, 1241
 Army Inspector General, 630, 631, 633, 
		640, 642, 918, 929, 933, 934, 936, 938, 942,
 943, 953, 961, 988, 996, 1128
 Arrest, 147, 149, 150, 216, 230, 275, 383-385, 387-392, 394, 395, 401, 404, 592,
 601
 Ashcroft, John, vi, xxvi, xxxi, 127 Beaver, Diane, vii, xxvi, 226, 235 Brownlee, R L, 631, 738, 987, 995, 1020 Bush, George W., vi, ix, xxv-xxvii, 
		xxxi-xxxiii, 99, 118, 126, 134, 324, 446, 585, 588, 611,
 615, 617, 620, 622, 623
 Bybee, Jay S., vi, xxv, xxvi, xxxi, 92, 
		117, 138, 143, 171, 185, 206, 207, 214, 219,
 221
 Camp Ashraf, 408, 444 Camp Bucca, 383, 386, 389, 390, 394, 395, 399-402, 408, 414, 419, 421, 423, 424,
 428, 429, 432, 436, 438, 444, 445, 638,
 659-661, 693, 705-707, 710-712, 715,
 729, 738, 937, 944, 1041
 Camp Cropper, 386, 387, 390, 395, 
		399-401, 408, 425, 426, 435, 444, 705, 712, 738,
 1001, 1030, 1041, 1046, 1156
 Camp X-Ray, xxvi Capture Cards, 389, 1044 Central Intelligence Agency, vi, 133, 201, 
		559, 560, 564, 577, 580, 611, 619, 620, 622,
 625, 627, 634, 910, 919, 942, 953, 1024,
 1049, 1056-1058, 1077, 1078, 1098, 1113,
 1128, 1136, 1137, 1139, 1144, 1155, 1160,
 1161, 1240
 Citizens Protection Act, 145 Clark v. Allen, 52, 60, 94, 126 Code of Military JusticeArticle 92, 279
 Confiscation of Personal Belongings, 383, 384, 401, 802
 ConstitutionDue Process, 149, 150, 188, 233, 268,
 272-275, 317, 320-323, 335, 573
 Eighth Amendment, xxvii, 187, 230-234,
 243, 268-272, 317-320, 345, 574, 577,
 599, 608, 1241
 Executive Powers, 64, 75, 78, 82, 92, 116,
 200, 202-207, 255, 256, 258, 259,
 302-306, 345, 347, 1137
 Fifth Amendment, 144-152, 154-157, 159,
 164, 168, 169, 272, 273, 320, 321
 Fourth Amendment, 109, 151, 157-160,
 166, 168, 169, 272, 320
 Sixth Amendment, 145, 148-151, 158, 169,
 170
 Supremacy Clause, 39, 71-74, 82, 112-115
 Customary International Law, 39, 42, 46, 
		62, 66-76, 78, 79, 82, 94, 103-105, 111-117,
 129, 220, 230, 243, 267, 290, 315, 316,
 338, 339, 561, 562, 581, 587, 588,
 590-592, 596-600, 608, 612, 947, 950,
 951, 953, 1133, 1135, 1140, 1141, 1145,
 1146, 1241
 Delahunty, Robert, 109 Department of Defense Office of the GeneralCounsel, 286, 626
 Department of JusticeOffice of Legal Counsel, 118, 119, 124, 136,
 144, 172, 218, 244, 291, 910, 923, 924,
 947, 949, 955, 958, 1137
 Detainee Abuse, 186, 215, 270, 271, 273, 
		319, 320, 322, 356, 383-388, 390-393, 395,
 396, 404, 416, 417, 429, 564, 571, 576,
 590, 597, 602, 605, 654, 655, 810, 821,
 909, 1023, 1028, 1037, 1067, 1068,
 1072, 1083, 1134, 1137, 1139, 1146,
 1148
 chart or incidents, 1095, 1096
 death, 42, 43, 84, 90, 182, 199, 265, 267,
 395, 399, 403, 426, 572, 601, 636, 655,
 913, 914
 definition of, 648, 651, 919, 993, 1004
 handcuffing, 393, 395, 396, 592, 604, 1067,
 1069, 1122
 hooding, 228, 390-392, 394, 396, 568, 1097,
 1117, 1119, 1138
 humane treatment, 80, 86, 121, 135, 229,
 239, 287, 333, 334, 336, 339, 345, 360,
 388, 391, 397, 562, 581, 584, 590, 593,
 612, 620, 632, 634-636, 638, 647-650,
 657, 663, 665, 673, 718, 721, 726, 728,
 729, 742, 749, 762, 778, 783, 788, 791,
 797, 802, 807-810, 814-816, 821, 824,
 825, 832, 841, 842, 852, 858, 862, 871,
 881, 882, 890, 895, 900, 910, 920, 921,
 948, 963, 964, 975, 1004, 1009,
 1027-1029, 1036, 1072, 1140-1143,
 1159
 humiliation, 391, 392, 568, 584, 594, 617,
 655, 1022, 1024, 1059, 1070, 1073,
 1089, 1091, 1092, 1100, 1105, 1115,
 1117
 military response, 654, 657
 mortar attacks, 383, 384, 403, 433, 635,
 648, 658, 659, 661, 705, 707, 709, 711,
 822, 913, 914, 944, 1042, 1049
 overcrowding, 423, 426-428, 434, 600, 638,
 648, 658, 659, 661, 681, 683, 707, 709,
 711, 913, 1041, 1042, 1044
 patterns of abuse, 653
 rape, 160, 193, 417, 418, 810, 816, 821, 993,
 1024, 1029, 1073, 1081, 1083
 root causes, 657
 sexual abuse, 215, 216, 392, 393, 416, 417,
 437, 599, 973, 989, 990, 993, 994,
 1004-1007, 1009, 1011, 1024, 1063, 1064,
 1066, 1067, 1069-1072, 1074, 1076, 1077,
 1079, 1088-1092, 1094, 1100, 1112, 1115,
 1117-1122, 1125
 solitary confinement, 215, 216, 320, 384,
 385, 392, 398, 403, 591, 594, 1063, 1093,
 1097, 1145, 1156
 specific incidents, 1097-1104
 spoiled food, 660
 threats, 172, 182, 193, 214, 215, 219, 252,
 278, 299, 322, 326, 343, 396, 591, 594,
 606, 654, 851, 852, 970, 1081, 1087, 1145
 Dunlavey, Michael, vii, xxvi, xxxi, 225 Enemy Combatants, 163, 173, 200, 203, 
		204, 206, 207, 256, 259, 303, 304, 306, 559,
 620, 623, 626, 627, 680, 910, 916, 920,
 948, 950, 974, 1148, 1152
 Escapes, 266, 314, 320, 385, 387, 389, 
		390, 399, 400, 404, 407, 408, 414, 421,
 423-430, 435, 438-440, 706, 824, 847,
 863, 888, 894, 944
 Ethics, 424, 953, 975 European Commission on Human Rights, 187, 356, 601, 602
 European Convention on Human Rights andFundamental Freedoms, 187, 196, 198,
 356, 561, 598, 600, 601, 603, 1145, 1146
 European Court of Human Rights, 187, 196-198, 230, 356, 563, 600, 601
 Ex parte Quirin, 36, 147 Extradition, 94, 123, 566, 569-572, 580, 
		592, 607, 1138
 Failed States, 53-55, 58, 60, 95-97, 101, 
		102, 106, 118, 126
 Fast, Barbara, 424, 918, 959, 988, 996, 
		999, 1000, 1002, 1003, 1043, 1045, 1047, 1051,
 1058, 1105
 Fay, George R., xxxii, 915, 918, 919, 926, 
		928, 929, 942, 945, 946, 951, 953, 987-989,
 992, 995, 996, 1004, 1006, 1008, 1013,
 1019-1021, 1126
 Federal Courtsjurisdiction, 29-36, 39, 41, 45, 46, 72, 73,
 76, 78, 83, 84, 87, 88, 107, 113, 114, 150,
 152, 156, 174, 242, 244, 245, 267, 268,
 272, 276, 277, 289-292, 300, 315, 317,
 320, 323-325, 338, 340, 345, 576, 577,
 580, 891, 902, 1054, 1138, 1139, 1144,
 1160, 1162
 Feith, Douglas, 237, 919 Flanigan, Timothy, xxxii, 3 Geneva Conventions, xxv-xxviii, 36, 
		38-51, 53, 55, 59-70, 79-90, 94, 95, 102-107,
 111, 117, 120, 123, 124, 129, 138, 140,
 141, 221, 229, 233, 241, 253, 283, 287,
 288, 300, 331, 333, 336-339, 360,
 383-386, 389, 398, 400, 402-404, 412,
 419, 424, 430, 438, 562, 565, 580-582,
 584, 585, 588, 607, 608, 612, 613, 632,
 635, 648-650, 665, 671, 684, 714, 718,
 719, 721, 724-727, 731, 807, 808, 814,
 815, 822, 841, 846, 860, 862, 881, 890,
 895, 900-902, 910, 912, 915, 923, 925,
 928, 929, 945, 947-955, 957, 961, 975,
 997, 1002-1004, 1006, 1009, 1011, 1012,
 1017, 1022, 1027, 1029, 1031-1033, 1036,
 1054, 1061, 1063, 1069, 1071, 1082, 1090,
 1106, 1107, 1109, 1110, 1112-1115,
 1125, 1129, 1133, 1134, 1137, 1140-1142,
 1144, 1146, 1147, 1150, 1155-1162, 1164
 Common Article 3, 43-45, 48, 49, 85-90,
 105, 107, 108, III, 124, 185, 187, 562,
 581, 584, 590, 612, 649, 808, 814, 842,
 858, 871, 890, 896, 1140, 1141, 1144,
 1147, 1157-1161
 Convention I, 81-83, 89-91, 93, 95, 100,
 102, 103, 107, 117
 Convention II, 81-83, 89-91, 93, 95, 100,
 102, 103, 117
 Convention III, 66, 69, 81-83, 85, 89-91, 93,
 95, 100, 102-105, 107-111, 117-125, 131,
 133, 134, 136-142, 221, 222, 344, 355,
 361-363, 400, 402, 420, 562, 565,
 580-588, 590, 591, 608, 649, 662, 674,
 808, 809, 814-816, 846-849, 851, 858,
 859, 862, 871, 880, 882, 890, 896, 901,
 947, 951, 963, 1140, 1147, 1156, 1158,
 1159
 Convention IV, 402, 404, 562, 588-591, 608,
 674, 808, 862, 871, 1026, 1027, 1068,
 1107, 1140, 1142, 1143, 1155-1157, 1159,
 1161
 past applications, 53, 62-64, 66, 105-107,
 120, 124, 127, 305
 Gonzales, Alberto R., vii, xxv, xxvi, xxxii, 
		40, 83, 92, 108, 118, 136, 137, 148, 158, 163,
 172, 185, 201, 207, 218, 219, 221, 1137,
 1240
 Guantanamo Bay, V, ix, xxxi, 29, 32-37, 
		39, 79, 82, 83, 108, 227, 229, 231, 237, 244,
 245, 267, 268, 272, 276, 277, 291, 292,
 315-317, 324, 360, 408, 409, 411, 596,
 606, 611, 634, 675, 676, 700, 703, 736,
 918, 924, 943, 959, 961, 1003, 1004, 1006,
 1007, 1014, 1019, 1021, 1024, 1025, 1031,
 1032, 1035-1037, 1041, 1045, 1046,
 1061-1066, 1072, 1084, 1088-1090, 1112,
 1125, 1129, 1151, 1239
 Hague Conventions, 40, 48-50, 62, 136, 
		139, 253, 726, 727, 808, 1030
 Haynes, William J., v-viii, xxv-xxvii, xxxii, 
		39, 81, 83, 108, 138, 158, 163, 170, 185, 201,
 206, 207, 221, 237, 240, 559, 560, 563,
 617-620, 623, 624, 626, 629, 919, 1135
 Hill, James T., vii, viii, xxvii, 223 Human Rights Watch, 559, 611, 616, 619, 623, 626, 1135
 Immigration Law, 178, 570, 607 International Committee of the Red Cross, 62, 70, 104, 105, 140, 142, 337, 339,
 383-404, 425, 586, 590, 610, 611, 654,
 711, 808, 815, 842, 872, 916, 930, 938,
 947, 949-951, 955, 957, 1001, 1015, 1019,
 1022, 1056, 1066-1070, 1077, 1089,
 1113-1115, 1129, 1136, 1142-1144, 1156,
 1157, 1159
 International Covenant on Civil and PoliticalRights, 36, 230, 243, 561, 566, 581, 582,
 591, 592, 598, 599, 603, 608, 612, 615,
 1133, 1141, 1145, 1146, 1159, 1241
 International Criminal Court, 218, 221, 
		230, 265, 314, 339, 340, 346
 International TribunalsNuremberg, 265, 266, 314
 Rwanda, 265, 314
 Yugoslavia, 265, 314
 Interpreters, 635, 639, 662, 668-671, 
		690-692, 698, 730, 742, 749, 752, 764, 786, 798,
 800, 826, 834, 835, 837-839, 863, 867,
 888, 913, 921, 938, 940, 942, 952, 1019,
 1046, 1065, 1089, 1109
 Interrogation, vii, xxvi, xxvii, 122, 
		126, 144-147, 149, 152-168, 170, 172, 173,
 177, 187, 189, 193, 196-201, 203, 204,
 206-209, 211-214, 218, 219, 221-223,
 225-230, 233-235, 237-239, 241, 243,
 245, 248, 255, 256, 259, 263, 264, 273,
 275, 278, 281, 283-290, 292, 295, 302,
 303, 306, 308, 311-313, 320-323, 325,
 329-336, 339-341, 343-347, 354-358,
 360-364, 383-385, 387, 391-396, 398,
 403, 404, 408-410, 412, 413, 418, 420,
 443, 558-565, 567-569, 572, 573,
 579-581, 584, 590, 592, 599-601,
 603-607, 611, 615, 617, 619, 620, 622,
 624, 625, 628, 632-635, 638-642, 650,
 654, 655, 662-672, 674-678, 682, 683,
 686, 688-692, 709, 714, 723-726, 729,
 730, 732, 737, 738, 748, 749, 752, 755,
 761-767, 783, 826-833, 835, 836, 844,
 846-849, 851, 855-857, 863, 865,
 867-870, 888, 899, 909-912, 914-918,
 922-926, 928-931, 937-946, 949, 952,
 953, 955, 957, 959, 961, 974, 988-990,
 992-996, 998-1000, 1002, 1003,
 1005-1012, 1014-1017, 1020, 1022-1025,
 1029-1040, 1042, 1044-1046, 1048-1051,
 1053, 1054, 1056, 1058-1064, 1066-1069,
 1071, 1072, 1074, 1075, 1080, 1083, 1084,
 1086-1094, 1096, 1098, 1101-1106,
 1108-1113, 1115-1120, 1122-1126,
 1133-1136, 1138-1142, 1148, 1149, 1151,
 1155, 1156, 1160, 1162, 1164, 1239, 1241
 abuse safeguards, 364
 basic principles, 284, 332
 coercion, 385, 391, 1067
 contract interrogators, 424, 639, 668, 669,
 691, 692, 723-726, 764, 766, 899, 900,
 942, 1024, 1032, 1033, 1041, 1045,
 1052-1054, 1091, 1111
 counter-resistance, xxvii, 223, 225-227,
 233, 234, 237, 239, 360, 675
 doctrine, 229, 283-285, 330, 332, 361, 412,
 445, 625, 639, 662, 667, 671, 674-677,
 685, 724, 735, 833, 840, 846, 865, 910,
 915, 924, 925, 942, 957, 1003, 1008, 1009,
 1015, 1026, 1029, 1030, 1032, 1034-1036,
 1047, 1063, 1065, 1088
 exceptional techniques, 254, 301, 334,
 346
 interrogators, 146, 165, 169, 198, 227, 229,
 234, 281, 285, 301, 329, 332, 341, 357,
 358, 362, 603, 625, 654, 662, 669-671,
 674, 677, 686, 688, 690, 691, 723-725,
 730, 763, 766, 830, 835, 847-857,
 867-870, 913, 925, 938, 943, 975, 989,
 994, 1004-1006, 1008, 1010, 1014,
 1030-1032, 1040, 1042, 1044, 1046, 1049,
 1053, 1054, 1056, 1057, 1061-1064, 1072,
 1075, 1085, 1087, 1088, 1090, 1093, 1099,
 1101, 1108, 1110-1113, 1117, 1147, 1239
 mixed purpose interrogations, 165, 166
 political pressure, 940
 public safety exception, 160, 199, 563, 605,
 606
 purposes, 286
 standards, 1142, 1156
 training, 723
 Interrogation techniques, xxvi, xxvii, 
		156, 187, 193, 196-198, 225, 229, 238, 241,
 273, 275, 283, 284, 286-288, 321, 322,
 331, 334, 336, 339, 340, 345-347, 360,
 364, 443, 558, 562, 569, 580, 581, 599,
 619, 620, 624, 628, 639, 655, 666,
 668-672, 675, 676, 723-726, 910-912,
 924-926, 930, 938, 941, 942, 949, 953,
 957, 990, 994, 1002, 1003, 1005-1007,
 1011, 1014, 1015, 1017, 1023, 1030, 1033,
 1034, 1061, 1064, 1084, 1093, 1112, 1113,
 1117, 1119, 1122, 1135, 1141
 Category 1 methods, 227, 237, 924, 1239
 Category 11 methods, 227, 234, 237, 1239
 Category 11I methods, 228, 234, 237, 924,
 1239
 change of scenery, 341, 362, 857
 crouching, 198, 199, 227, 234, 393, 395,
 604, 605, 725, 941, 1036, 1037, 1090
 deception, 227, 229, 234, 284, 285, 331,
 332, 603, 674, 855, 877, 1065
 deprivation, 228, 234, 355, 361, 568, 967,
 1239
 descriptions of, 357, 361
 dietary manipulation, 197, 356, 358, 362,
 1033
 dogs, 228, 343, 416, 417, 941, 946, 993,
 1002-1006, 1009, 1022, 1024, 1033, 1034,
 1036, 1038, 1059, 1061, 1065, 1066, 1069,
 1070, 1084-1088, 1092, 1100, 1102-1105,
 1112, 1114, 1115, 1117-1121, 1123-1125,
 1135, 1142, 1239
 drugs, 56, 97, 172, 180, 187, 191, 192, 220,
 242, 250, 251, 297, 298, 344, 845, 847
 emotional love and hate, 341, 361, 674, 850.
 851
 establish your identity, 856
 exposure to cold, 358, 362, 568, 1072
 false file, 227, 234, 341, 362
 false flag, 358, 362, 559
 fear of death, 57, 59, 98, 109, 119, 133, 166,
 177, 182, 187, 192, 206, 211, 219, 220,
 228, 234, 242, 247, 252, 259, 261, 264,
 270, 275, 284, 294, 296, 299, 306,
 309-311, 319, 320, 332, 334, 340, 341,
 344, 354, 358, 361, 400, 412, 563, 567,
 569, 601, 606, 670, 680, 696, 824, 839,
 845, 851, 881, 942, 946, 974, 1043, 1067,
 1077, 1138, 1143, 1146, 1148
 forced grooming, 228
 futility, 341, 357, 362, 674, 848, 850,
 854-856
 hooding, 197, 228, 230, 234, 358, 601, 1063,
 1079, 1091, 1094
 isolation, 193, 227, 234, 355, 362, 393, 395,
 398, 595, 941, 1002, 1005, 1022, 1023,
 1025, 1038, 1041, 1067, 1070, 1071, 1075,
 1080, 1093-1095, 1105, 1116-1118, 1120,
 1125, 1142, 1156
 light deprivation, 227, 234, 392
 Mutt and Jeff, 341, 362, 1037
 nakedness, 228, 234, 343, 941, 973, 1003,
 1006, 1022, 1033, 1037, 1064, 1105
 noise, 197, 232, 356, 392, 601
 physical contact, 228, 235, 237, 323, 340,
 354, 358, 365, 619, 624, 852, 967, 993,
 1005, 1239
 pride and ego, 341, 361, 674, 852-854, 856,
 1035, 1037
 prolonged interrogations, 358
 rapid fire, 362, 674, 856
 repetition, 362, 384, 674, 856
 shabach, 198, 199, 604, 605
 shaking, 198, 568, 592, 604, 605
 silence, 103, 181, 251, 298, 303, 362, 857,
 864
 sleep deprivation, 181, 197-199, 216, 230,
 232, 234, 251, 298, 356, 358, 362, 392,
 393, 396, 559, 567-569, 571, 573, 592,
 594, 599, 601, 604, 605, 619, 624, 674,
 692, 941, 1002, 1009, 1033, 1038, 1067,
 1069, 1081, 1111, 1136, 1138, 1142, 1156,
 1241
 standing, 358
 threat of transfer, 358
 Tiger Teams, 1050, 1061, 1063, 1065
 training, 677
 wall standing, 356, 601
 water, 228, 234, 235, 725
 we know all, 341, 674, 855, 856
 yelling, 234, 388, 1036, 1037, 1072, 1094,
 1121, 1124
 Involuntary Confession, 147, 156 Iraq, xxvii, 67, 214, 215, 383-385, 388, 
		391, 398, 403-405, 407-411, 413-415, 419,
 420, 429, 433, 438, 439, 444, 579, 617,
 633, 634, 636, 640, 641, 649, 650, 652,
 657, 658, 661, 671, 676, 692-694, 705,
 706, 710, 711, 714, 724, 736, 738, 909,
 911-922, 925, 927, 930-936, 938,
 940-942, 944, 947, 949, 951, 954, 955,
 957-961, 965, 975, 989, 994, 996, 998,
 1000, 1001, 1003, 1005, 1011, 1013, 1014,
 1016, 1019, 1023, 1025, 1035, 1037-1040,
 1042, 1045-1048, 1053, 1057, 1060, 1061,
 1065, 1066, 1068, 1081, 1088, 1105, 1108,
 1109, 1113, 1114, 1135, 1136, 1140,
 1142-1144, 1150, 1151, 1155-1157,
 1159-1162
 Iraqi Police, 1059, 1085, 1095, 1100, 
		1101, 1114, 1123, 1129
 Irish Republican Army, 601 Israel, 109, 198, 199, 209, 231, 311, 356, 
		432, 447, 600, 603, 609
 Supreme Court, 198, 199, 562, 600,
 603--607, 609
 Johnson v. Eisentrager, 29, 30, 33, 34, 
		148, 149, 205, 206, 258, 259, 276, 305, 306,
 317, 320, 324
 Joint Chiefs of Staff, vi, vii, xxv, xxvii, 
		xxxiii, 30, 148, 223, 333, 360, 648, 807, 841, 895,
 900, 904, 910, 916, 926, 927, 929-931,
 947, 951, 953, 962, 1129, 1158
 Jones, Anthony R, xxxii, xxxiii, 275, 446, 
		915, 918, 926, 928, 929, 946, 951, 987-989,
 1021, 1022
 Jus Cogens, 561, 597, 598, 608, 1145 Karpinski, Janis, 415, 419, 423-425, 
		431-441, 443, 446, 447, 915, 919, 929, 932, 960,
 988, 1006, 1042, 1043, 1048, 1059,
 1068-1070, 1105, 1156
 Law of War, 45, 62, 64, 69, 76, 78, 87, 
		105, 107, 120, 123, 134, 140, 148, 163, 280,
 282, 283, 327, 331, 334, 576, 726-728,
 732, 742, 763, 765, 789, 794, 851, 860,
 880, 892, 902, 903, 923, 947-949, 963,
 1038
 Leahy, Patrick, 621, 625 Legal DefensesDuress, 182, 252, 281, 299, 328, 611, 617,
 624
 Mistake of Fact, 280, 328
 Necessity Defense, 199, 207-209, 211, 242,
 260, 261, 263, 282, 289, 307-311, 330,
 605
 Self Defense, 82, 107, 108, 173, 179, 207,
 209-214, 250, 261-264, 280, 297,
 309-313, 327, 343, 345, 411, 834
 Superior Orders Defense, 265, 266, 281,
 313-315, 329
 McDade Act, 145, 169 Military Commissions, 36, 39, 76, 83, 
		144, 147, 148, 163, 335, 346, 355-357
 Military Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Act, 
		277, 325, 1053, 1144, 1161, 1162
 Military Intelligence, 166, 387, 388, 
		391, 393-396, 409, 410, 412, 413, 415-418,
 420, 425, 427, 431, 432, 434, 435, 438,
 439, 443-447, 638, 643, 650, 661, 662,
 664, 666-670, 672, 673, 686, 688,
 690-692, 695--699, 723, 724, 729, 738,
 739, 748, 752, 755, 760, 764, 766, 785,
 788, 826, 827, 829-836, 839, 840,
 862-865, 867-869, 876, 888, 909, 912,
 913, 915, 916, 921, 922, 925, 926,
 928-932, 940, 941, 943-946, 952, 960,
 961, 987-990, 992-997, 999, 1002,
 1004-1016, 1018-1027, 1032, 1034-1042,
 1044-1046, 1048-1051, 1055, 1057-1063,
 1066-1068, 1071-1087, 1089, 1091,
 1093-1108, 1110, 1111, 1113-1120,
 1125-1129
 doctrine, 638, 661, 666, 667, 943, 1029
 force structure, 695-699, 729-731
 training, 419, 670, 671, 673, 724, 729,
 730, 1024, 1031, 1041, 1066, 1112,
 1113
 Military Police, 395, 396, 399, 400, 402, 
		405, 407-409, 411-419, 421-447, 635, 638,
 641, 643-646, 654-656, 658, 661, 663,
 664, 666-668, 673, 678, 682, 684-693,
 699-704, 710, 715, 716, 718-720, 722,
 723, 725, 729-733, 735, 736, 738, 739,
 741, 742, 749, 751, 752, 755, 760, 764,
 766, 773, 776, 780, 785, 792, 795, 824,
 826-828, 831-835, 849, 860, 862-870,
 874, 877, 879-881, 887-889, 894, 898,
 902, 907, 912, 913, 915-919, 921, 922,
 928-937, 941, 943-946, 952, 955, 957,
 960, 989, 990, 994, 995, 997-999, 1002,
 1004-1009, 1012-1016, 1018, 1020-1023,
 1025, 1033, 1034, 1038, 1044, 1048, 1050,
 1056, 1059, 1060, 1065, 1068, 1069,
 1071-1076, 1078-1089, 1092, 1093,
 1097-1106, 1110, 1111, 1113, 1115, 1120,
 1121, 1125, 1127-1129
 force structure, 411, 640, 668, 682, 685,
 692, 699-704, 713, 729-731, 777, 865,
 877-879, 935, 936, 952, 953, 961, 1010,
 1016, 1032, 1040, 1108
 training, 433, 656, 718-723, 894, 934, 1012,
 1030, 1033
 Militias, 49, 61, 89, 136, 139, 140definition of, 50, 90, 138
 Miller, Geoffrey D., 407-409, 413, 447, 
		641, 650, 736, 912, 918, 919, 925, 931, 943,
 944, 946, 988, 1001, 1002, 1008, 1011,
 1019, 1025, 1032, 1035, 1060-1064, 1072,
 1106, 1112
 Miranda v. Arizona, xxvi, 144, 146, 147, 
		149, 153-155, 157, 158, 160-164, 166-168,
 170, 570
 National Consortium of Torture TreatmentPrograms, 617, 618
 National Security Council, 64, 93, 126, 
		137, 142, 618, 923, 940
 New York City Bar Association, 192, 557, 
		558, 622, 1148, 1152
 Northern Ireland, 230, 563, 600, 601, 609 Notification of Families, 390 Pappas, Thomas, 415, 431, 435, 436, 438, 
		439, 443, 446, 918, 960, 1002, 1006, 1039,
 1040, 1042, 1045-1049, 1057-1061, 1063,
 1065, 1068, 1069, 1074, 1078, 1084, 1085,
 1087, 1088, 1094, 1100, 1105, 1106, 1114,
 1115
 Perkins v. Elg, 126 Phifer, Jerald, vii, 225, 228 Powell, Colin L., vi, xxvi, xxxiii, 122, 585, 
		588, 614, 1057, 1158
 Prisoners of War, xxvi, 38, 42, 43, 48-50, 
		59, 61, 62, 66, 67, 82, 84, 85, 89, 90, 100, 105,
 107, 109-111, 117-119, 121, 124, 133,
 136, 141, 142, 221, 229, 283, 331, 334,
 336, 344-346, 355-357, 362, 363, 411,
 412, 562, 576, 580-582, 584-586, 590,
 591, 607, 647, 653, 656, 659, 664,
 680-682, 686, 694, 701, 702, 714, 716,
 718, 728, 734, 736, 741, 745, 754-756,
 760, 776, 779, 785, 788, 792, 795, 813,
 814, 820, 821, 823-825, 828-834, 849,
 850, 852, 861-863, 865, 866, 868-870,
 873, 874, 879-881, 885, 886, 888, 889,
 892, 893, 923, 925, 948, 954, 955, 957,
 958, 988, 997, 1009, 1026, 1028, 1029,
 1032, 1129, 1156
 Rice, Condoleezza, 619, 628 Riots, 274, 399, 400, 425, 427, 780, 793, 
		1077, 1091
 Rumsfeld, Donald R., v, vii, viii, 
		xxv-xxvii, xxxiii, 53, 99-101, 237-239, 241, 286,
 334, 347, 360, 614, 909, 911, 917-919,
 948, 951, 961, 965, 967, 1003, 1020, 1035,
 1036, 1038, 1062, 1064, 1065, 1088, 1130,
 1135, 1239
 Ryder, Donald J., 407--410, 433, 641, 650, 
		660, 666, 667, 682, 684, 711, 713, 714, 736,
 918, 932, 944, 992, 1000, 1001, 1008,
 1011
 Sanchez, Ricardo S., 407, 409, 435, 436, 
		438, 447, 915, 926, 933, 987, 1003, 1019, 1022,
 1039, 1042
 Supreme Court, xxxii, 29-32, 34-36, 41, 
		52, 60, 63, 71-74, 76, 84, 92, 94, 95, 106, 109,
 112-115, 126, 144-147, 149, 150,
 153-156, 158, 160, 161, 164, 165, 167,
 169, 170, 174, 175, 198, 202, 206, 208,
 212, 213, 231, 233, 243, 245, 246, 255,
 256, 259, 260, 263, 264, 269-274, 276,
 290, 292, 293, 302, 303, 306, 307, 311,
 312, 318-320, 322, 324, 567, 577, 592,
 604, 605, 917
 Taft, William H., vi, xxvi, xxxiv, 64, 93, 
		617, 618
 Taguba, Antonio M., xxxiv, 405, 408, 445, 
		641, 650, 656, 658, 660, 682, 684, 706, 707,
 711, 719, 720, 725, 736, 915, 918, 926,
 928, 929, 933, 945, 946, 951, 952, 989,
 996, 1001, 1004, 1006, 1008, 1013, 1023,
 1050, 1073, 1086, 1115
 Taliban, vi, xxv-xxvii, 29, 36, 38, 39, 50, 
		51, 53-62, 64-66, 70, 71, 74, 76, 77, 79-83,
 90, 91, 95-102, 104, 105, 107, 110, 111,
 115-122, 124-127, 129, 131, 133-139,
 142, 143, 200, 206, 207, 221, 241, 243,
 253, 287, 288, 290, 300, 333, 337, 339,
 344, 410, 562, 580, 581, 584, 585, 587,
 608, 648, 807, 808, 814, 815, 841, 858,
 859, 871, 881, 882, 890, 895, 900, 901,
 910, 915, 920, 923, 925, 947, 948, 963,
 1141, 1158, 1159
 The Paquete Habana, 71, 73, 112, 114, 1145 Torture [See also, Detainee Abuse, Interrogation techniques]
 definition of, xxvii, 172, 173, 176-180, 182,
 183, 186, 187, 189-192, 195-197, 209,
 Index
 213, 215, 219, 220, 233, 234, 242, 244,
 247-250, 252, 261, 267, 289, 293-297,
 299, 309, 316, 566, 569, 570, 602,
 845-847, 1147, 1241
 State statutes, 183
 Torture Victims Protection Act, 191-194,
 196, 197, 215, 267, 316, 572, 599, 1138
 US Criminal Statute, xxvii, 172-174, 177,
 182, 191, 192, 196, 200, 204, 211, 212,
 214, 218, 219, 223, 231-233, 235, 242,
 244, 245, 247, 248, 250, 252, 256, 257,
 289, 290, 292, 294, 296, 299, 303, 304,
 560, 564, 572, 579, 580, 599, 607, 628,
 662, 845, 846, 1133, 1137-1139, 1147,
 1149, 1161, 1162, 1241
 Torture Victims Protection Act, 173 Umm Qasr, 383, 386, 394, 395 UN Convention Against Torture, xxvi, 
		xxvii, 172, 182, 184-186, 188-192, 194, 196,
 197, 199, 209, 217-220, 230-232, 241,
 243, 261, 268, 269, 273, 288-290, 309,
 316, 320, 337, 338, 344, 345, 348, 350,
 352, 356, 357, 560, 561, 563-570, 572,
 573, 575, 579-581, 591, 598-600,
 606-608, 612, 613, 615, 620, 624, 628,
 629, 662, 674, 845, 904, 910, 954, 957,
 1109, 1134, 1138, 1139, 1141, 1144, 1145,
 1147, 1148, 1150, 1158, 1159, 1161, 1162,
 1241
 Uniform Code of Military Justice, 407, 
		408, 415, 419, 420, 442, 561, 564, 565,
 576-580, 607, 608, 637, 651-653,
 674, 727, 821, 822, 847,
 848
 Article 118, 66, 233, 1241
 Article 119, 233, 279
 Article 128, 235, 278, 326
 Article 134, 233, 234, 278, 281, 326, 329,
 578, 579
 Article 92, 279, 327, 437, 441, 1071
 Article 93, 233, 278, 279, 325, 327, 1241
 United Nations, 54, 57-59, 61, 62, 64, 
		66, 67, 70, 98-102, 104-108, 190, 192, 213,
 222, 230, 264, 312, 338, 586, 597, 617,
 626, 711, 1138, 1139, 1145, 1148
 Walker, Mary, 924 War Crimes, 38-43, 47-50, 67, 70, 79, 
		81-85, 89-91, 102, 111, 117, 119, 120, 126, 129,
 131, 133, 164, 253, 291, 300, 923, 1133,
 1141, 1144, 1158, 1160, 1161
 White House Counsel, xxv, xxvi, xxxii Wojdakowski, Walter, 915, 918, 929, 988, 1003, 1006, 1014, 1039, 1042, 1105
 Yoo, John, v, vii, xxv, xxxiv, 3, 24, 29, 38, 
		39, 47, 51, 64, 72, 75, 83, 93, 108, 116, 137,
 142, 158, 163, 185, 187, 201, 203, 222,
 1135, 1159
 
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